Kev kho hlau saum npoo yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem saum npoo ntawm cov khoom siv hlau uas txawv ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab, lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm lub hauv paus. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho saum npoo yog ua kom tau raws li cov khoom siv tiv thaiv corrosion, hnav tsis kam, kho kom zoo nkauj lossis lwm yam kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Rau cov hlau castings, peb feem ntau siv txoj kev kho saum npoo yog: mechanical polishing, chemical treatment, deg heat treatment, and sprayed deg. Qhov saum npoo pretreatment ntawm hlau castings yog los ntxuav, cheb, deburr, degrease, thiab deoxidize nto ntawm workpiece.
Muaj ob qho kev piav qhia rau kev kho saum npoo. Ib qho yog kev kho qhov chaw dav dav, uas suav nrog ntau txoj kev siv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg suav nrog pretreatment, electroplating, painting, tshuaj oxidation, thermal spraying, thiab lwm yam.; lwm qhov yog kev kho qhov nqaim ntawm qhov chaw. Ntawd yog, tsuas yog kev ua haujlwm xws li sandblasting, polishing, thiab lwm yam, uas yog qhov peb feem ntau hu ua kev kho mob ua ntej.
| Kev kho saum npoo | Daim ntawv thov |
| Zinc Plating | Alloy steel castings, carbon steel castings, qhov chaw ua los ntawm hmoov metallurgy |
| Electroless Zinc Txheej | Electroless Zinc nplua nuj txheej ntawm cov hlau |
| Electroless Nickel plating | Electroless nickel plating rau hlau, stainless hlau, txhuas, thiab tooj liab qhov chaw |
| Tin-Zinc Plating | Tin-zinc plating ntawm cov hlau |
| Chromium plating | Alloy hlau castings, tooj liab raws li alloy castings |
| Nickel plating | Electroless nickel plating rau cov hlau, stainless hlau, thiab txhuas qhov chaw |
| Chrome-Nickel plating | Bronze qhov chaw, tooj dag qhov chaw |
| Zinc Nickel Plating | Hlau castings, tooj dag castings, bronze casting qhov chaw |
| Tooj-Nickel-Chromium Plating | Copper-Nickel-Chromium Plating ntawm hlau, stainless hlau, txhuas qhov chaw |
| tooj liab plating | Plating ntawm cov hlau qhov chaw |
| Anodizing | Anodizing thiab nyuaj anodizing ntawm aluminium profile, machining thiab tuag cam khwb cia txhuas qhov chaw |
| Kev pleev xim | Painting thiab qhuav zaj duab xis ntawm hlau, txhuas, stainless hlau, thiab hlau qhov chaw |
| Acid ntxuav | Acid tu rau stainless hlau castings, tshav kub kho qhov chaw, super alloy, aluminium alloy, thiab titanium alloy qhov chaw |
| Passivation | Passivation ntawm txhua yam stainless hlau |
| Phosphating | Zinc thiab manganese phosphating ntawm ib txwm castings thiab machining qhov chaw |
| Electrophoresis | Electrophoresis ntawm cov hlau |
| Electrolytic Polishing | Electrolytic polishing ntawm stainless hlau qhov chaw |
| Hlau kos duab | Stainless hlau qhov chaw los ntawm casting, vuam thiab forging |
1. Nto Pretreatment
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua, tsheb thauj mus los, cia, thiab lwm yam, lub nto ntawm hlau workpieces feem ntau muaj oxide nplai, xeb molding xuab zeb, vuam slag, plua plav, roj thiab lwm yam av. Rau cov txheej txheem kom ruaj khov rau saum npoo ntawm lub workpiece, qhov saum npoo ntawm lub workpiece yuav tsum tau ntxuav ua ntej pleev xim. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau lub zog sib txuas thiab corrosion kuj ntawm txheej rau hlau, tab sis kuj ua rau lub hauv paus hlau txawm tias nws yog coated. Nws tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv corrode nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm txheej, ua rau cov txheej txheem tev tawm, cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm lub workpiece. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau ua haujlwm yog los muab cov txheej txheem zoo rau cov txheej txheem txheej txheej, tau txais cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv zoo, thiab ua kom lub neej ntev ntawm cov khoom.
2. Kev kho tshuab
Feem ntau suav nrog hlau txhuam cov menyuam polishing, txhaj tshuaj blasting thiab xuab zeb peening.
Cov txhuam txhuam txhuam yog tias cov txhuam txhuam yog tsav los ntawm lub cev muaj zog, thiab cov txhuam txhuam txhuam tig ntawm qhov kev kub ceev ntawm qhov chaw sab sauv thiab sab qis ntawm cov sawb nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia rov qab mus rau qhov txav ntawm cov dov daim kom tshem tawm cov oxide nplai. Cov txhuam hlau oxide nplai yog ntxuav tawm nrog lub kaw lus kaw cov dej txias ntxhua khaub ncaws.
Kev txhaj tshuaj blasting yog ib txoj hauv kev siv lub zog centrifugal kom nrawm qhov projectile thiab ua haujlwm rau lub workpiece kom tshem tawm xeb thiab ntxuav. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txhaj tshuaj blasting muaj qhov tsis yooj yim thiab raug txwv los ntawm qhov chaw. Nws yog qhov muag tsis pom me ntsis thaum ntxuav lub workpiece, thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim cov ces kaum tuag nyob rau sab hauv ntawm lub workpiece uas tsis tuaj yeem ntxuav. Cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv yog complex, muaj ntau yam hnav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hniav thiab lwm yam khoom hnav sai sai, kev saib xyuas tus txiv neej-teev muaj ntau, tus nqi yog siab, thiab kev nqis peev ib zaug yog loj. Kev siv tshuaj tua blasting rau kev kho saum npoo, qhov cuam tshuam quab yuam loj, thiab cov nyhuv ntxuav yog pom tseeb.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho cov phaj nyias nyias los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj peening tuaj yeem yooj yim deform lub workpiece, thiab cov hlau txhaj tshuaj tsoo rau saum npoo ntawm lub workpiece (tsis muaj teeb meem tua blasting lossis txhaj tshuaj peening) kom deform cov hlau substrate. Vim tias ferroferric oxide thiab ferroferric oxide tsis muaj plasticity, lawv yuav tawg. Tom qab tev tawm, cov roj zaj duab xis deforms ua ke nrog cov khoom, yog li kev txhaj tshuaj blasting thiab txhaj tshuaj blasting tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov roj stains ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm nrog cov roj stains. Ntawm cov txheej txheem kho saum npoo uas twb muaj lawm rau workpieces, qhov zoo tshaj plaws tu nyhuv yog sandblasting. Sandblasting yog tsim los ntxuav lub workpiece nto nrog cov kev xav tau ntau dua.
3. Kev kho ntshav ntshav
Plasma yog ib qho kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom zoo thiab cov khoom tsis zoo (xws li cov ions zoo, tsis zoo ions, electrons, dawb radicals thiab ntau pawg ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam). Tus nqi zoo thiab tsis zoo yog sib npaug. Yog li ntawd, nws yog hu ua plasma, uas yog lub xeev plaub uas muaj teeb meem ntxiv rau cov khoom, kua, thiab gaseous xeev-plasma xeev. Lub plasma deg processor yog tsim los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob plasma, lub raj xa dej thiab lub plasma nozzle. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob plasma ua rau lub zog siab thiab lub zog siab nyob rau hauv lub nozzle steel yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau qhib thiab tswj kom tsim kom muaj cov plasma kub nyob rau hauv lub glow discharge, nrog kev pab los ntawm compressed cua plasma yog sprayed rau saum npoo ntawm lub workpiece.
Thaum lub plasma thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom ua tiav sib ntsib, cov khoom hloov pauv thiab tshuaj lom neeg tshwm sim. Qhov saum npoo tau raug ntxuav, thiab cov khoom siv hydrocarbon xws li roj thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv tau raug tshem tawm, lossis etched thiab roughened, los yog tsim ib txheej tuab tuab, los yog qhia cov pa roj carbon dioxide (hydroxyl, carboxyl), cov pab pawg no muaj. cov nyhuv ntawm kev txhawb nqa lub adhesion ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv txheej, thiab tau optimized nyob rau hauv adhesion thiab xim daim ntaub ntawv. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam, daim ntawv thov ntawm kev kho ntshav plasma tuaj yeem tau txais cov txheej txheej nyias nyias, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev sib txuas, txheej thiab luam ntawv. Tsis tas yuav muaj lwm lub tshuab, tshuaj kho mob thiab lwm yam khoom muaj zog los ua kom adhesion.
4. Electrochemical Method
Electrochemical deg kev kho mob siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrode los tsim cov txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm, uas feem ntau suav nrog electroplating thiab anodic oxidation.
Thaum lub workpiece yog cathode nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj electrolyte. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lwm qhov tam sim no hu ua electroplating. Cov txheej plating tuaj yeem yog hlau, alloy, semiconductor lossis muaj ntau yam khoom, xws li tooj liab plating, npib tsib xee plating, thiab lwm yam.
Thaum nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj electrolyte, lub workpiece yog anode. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov oxide zaj duab xis rau ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sab nraud tam sim no hu ua anodization, xws li anodization ntawm aluminium alloy. Kev kho oxidation ntawm cov hlau tuaj yeem ua los ntawm kev siv tshuaj los yog electrochemical. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj yog muab cov khoom ua haujlwm rau hauv cov tshuaj oxidizing, thiab tso siab rau cov tshuaj ua haujlwm los tsim cov oxide zaj duab xis rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, xws li bluing ntawm cov hlau.
5. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj
Kev kho saum npoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam tam sim no, thiab siv cov kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg los tsim cov txheej txheej plating rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog tshuaj hloov kho txheej txheej thiab electroless plating.
Hauv cov tshuaj electrolyte, cov hlau ua haujlwm tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm sab nraud tam sim no, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv kev daws teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom ua haujlwm los tsim cov txheej txheej ntawm nws qhov chaw, uas yog hu ua tshuaj hloov pauv zaj duab xis kho. Xws li bluing, phosphating, passivation, thiab chromium ntsev kho ntawm cov hlau nto. Hauv cov tshuaj electrolyte, qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece yog catalytically kho yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm sab nraud tam sim no. Hauv kev daws teeb meem, vim tias txo cov tshuaj lom neeg, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso qee yam tshuaj rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm los ua cov txheej txheej hu ua electroless plating, xws li electroless nickel, Electroless tooj liab plating, thiab lwm yam.
6. Txoj kev ua haujlwm kub
Txoj kev ua kub kub yog yaj lossis thermally diffuse cov khoom nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias los tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no:
1) Kub Dip Plating
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev muab cov hlau ua haujlwm rau hauv cov hlau molten los tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm nws qhov chaw hu ua kub-dip plating, xws li kub-dip galvanizing thiab kub-dip aluminium.
2) Thermal Txau
Cov txheej txheem ntawm atomizing cov hlau molten thiab txau rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece los ua ib txheej yog hu ua thermal spraying, xws li thermal spraying zinc thiab thermal spraying aluminium.
3) Kub Stamping
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cua sov thiab nias cov ntawv hlau rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece los ua ib txheej txheej yog hu ua kub stamping, xws li kub stamping aluminium ntawv ci.
4) Kev kho cua sov
Cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv uas lub workpiece yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog tshuaj lom neeg tshuaj thiab rhuab, thiab ib tug tej yam lub caij nkag mus rau hauv lub workpiece ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog hu ua tshuaj kho cua sov, xws li nitriding thiab carburizing.
7. Electrophoresis
Raws li ib tug electrode, lub workpiece yog muab tso rau hauv lub conductive dej-soluble los yog dej-emulsified xim, thiab ua ib tug Circuit Court nrog rau lwm yam electrode nyob rau hauv cov xim. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub teb hluav taws xob, cov txheej txheej tau raug dissociated rau hauv ions them nqi, cov cations txav mus rau cathode, thiab cov anions txav mus rau lub anode. Cov ions raug nqi no, ua ke nrog cov xim adsorbed, yog electrophoresed rau saum npoo ntawm lub workpiece los tsim ib txheej. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua electrophoresis.
8. Electrostatic Txau
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm DC high-voltage hluav taws xob teb, cov atomized tsis zoo nqi xim hais lus yog qhia ya mus rau qhov zoo-them workpiece kom tau ib tug xim zaj duab xis, uas yog hu ua static spraying.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-12-2021