Monel alloy yog Ni-raws li alloy, nws cov tshuaj tseem ceeb muaj pes tsawg leeg yog npib tsib xee (Ni), cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws yog mus txog 67%, lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg tseem ceeb yog tooj liab (Cu), thiab tseem muaj cov hlau me me (Fe) , manganese (Mn) thiab carbon (C), silicon (Si) thiab lwm yam.
Lub zog ntawm Monel alloy yog siab dua li cov npib tsib xee ntshiab, thiab nws tuaj yeem tiv taus corrosion ntawm ntau yam xov xwm, suav nrog cov dej ntws ceev ceev. Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm Monel alloy suav nrog kev ua haujlwm kub, ua haujlwm txias, machining thiab vuam.
Xyoo 1901, Robert Crooks Stanley, tus kws tshaj lij metallurgist ntawm International Nickel Company (INCO), tsim Monel alloy.
Lub hauv paus ntawm Monel alloy lub npe yog raws li cov ntaub ntawv los them se rau tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab Ambrose Monell (Ambrose Monell). Tom qab ntawd, Mr. Stanley kuj tau ua tus thawj coj ntawm International Nickel Corporation. Monel alloy tau tso cai patent xyoo 1906.
Monel alloy yog ib qho khoom kim heev uas nws tus nqi yog 5-10 npaug ntawm cov tooj liab ntshiab thiab npib tsib xee. Yog li ntawd, nws tsuas yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm cov kev xaiv pheej yig.
Chemical Compostion thiab Mechanic Properties of Monel 400 Alloy (N0440):
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Monel 400 Alloy (%) | ||||||||
| C ≤ | Si ≤ | Mn ≤ | P ≤ | S ≤ | Cr ≥ | Nim ≥ | Mo ≥ | Cu ≤ |
| 0.3 | 0.5 | 2 | - | 0.024 ib | - | 63 | - | 28.0-34.0 Nws |
| Lwm tus | N ≤ | Ib l≤ | TSI ≤ | F e≤ | Cov ≤ | V ≤ | W ≤ | Nb ≤ |
| - | - | - | 2.5 | - | - | - | - | |
1. Monel 400 (N04400) alloy tensile zog: σb ≥ 450 Mpa.
2. Monel 400 (N04400) alloy yield zog: σb ≥ 170 Mpa.
3. Monel 400 (N04400) alloy elongation: δ ≥ 30%.
Cov khoom ntawm Monel Alloy
Monel alloy yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem binary alloy. Txij li Ni thiab Cu yog yaj nyob rau hauv ib leeg, nws kuj yog ib theem hlau alloy. Piv nrog cov hlau, machining ntawm Monel alloy yog qhov nyuaj, feem ntau yog vim nws cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ceev ceev. Nws yuav tsum tau tig ntawm qis ceev thiab qis pub tus nqi.
Qhov ceev ntawm Monel alloy 400 yog 8.80 g / cm3, lub melting kub ntau yog 1300 ~ 1350 ° C, conductivity yog hais txog 34% IACS (IACS hais txog lub International Standard Conductivity ntawm Annealed tooj liab), thiab annealed hardness nqi yog 65 HRB. Monel alloy 400 yog paub zoo rau nws cov toughness thiab muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov toughness nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias ntau yam.
Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus corrosion ntawm ntau cov kua qaub thiab alkalis, thiab qee qhov Monel alloys tuaj yeem tiv taus cov pa ntshiab huv. Nws feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig corrosive heev. Monel alloy K-500 tsim tom qab ntxiv ib qho me me ntawm txhuas (Al) thiab titanium (Ti) muaj tib yam corrosion kuj zoo li Monel alloy 400 tab sis muaj zog dua, uas yog vim qhov tsim ntawm γ'phase thaum laus kho. Raws li ib txwm muaj, Monel alloy yog kim dua li stainless hlau.
Monel alloy 400 tseem tuaj yeem tswj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo hauv qab xoom. Txawm hais tias lub zog thiab hardness yuav nce, lub plasticity los yog toughness tsuas yog me ntsis txo. Txawm hais tias nws tau txias hauv cov kua hydrogen, cov hlau yuav tsis raug hloov pauv mus rau qhov tawg. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm Monel alloy thiab ferrous hlau cov ntaub ntawv (steel thiab hlau) uas tsis tshua muaj kub brittleness.
Monel alloy muaj corrosion kuj zoo nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw, tab sis nws yog nquag xeb thaum raug dej ntsev; Nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov xov xwm uas muaj nitric oxide, nitric acid, sulfur dioxide thiab hypochlorite. Kev siv Monel alloy tseem yuav ua rau electrochemical corrosion. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, thaum fasteners ua los ntawm txhuas, zinc los yog hlau los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog Monel alloy, nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob (xws li siv nyob rau hauv ceev-ntws seawater), hlau fastening cov khoom yuav corroded sai sai.
Kev siv ntawm Monel alloy
Aerospace
Hauv xyoo 1960. Monel alloy tau yeej ntau qhov kev txiav txim hauv thaj chaw thiab kev tsim dav hlau. Tshwj xeeb yog siv los tsim lub fuselage thiab tawv nqaij ntawm kev sim dav hlau dav hlau. Piv txwv li, North American X-15 tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv cov cua kub loj uas tsim los ntawm kev sib txhuam aerodynamic thaum lub sijhawm ya nrawm heev. Monel alloy tseem tuaj yeem tuav nws lub zog ntawm qhov kub siab heev, tso cai rau nws tswj nws cov duab ruaj khov ntawm huab cua kub ceev. Thaum lub sij hawm tu lub dav hlau, Monel alloy yog siv los ua lub xauv hlau nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias kom ntseeg tau tias cov fasteners raug kaw; vim nyiaj txiag, stainless hlau xauv xov hlau feem ntau yog siv rau lwm qhov chaw.
Roj Extraction thiab Refining
Monel yog siv los ua qhov chaw uas ncaj qha mus cuag cov concentrated hydrofluoric acid nyob rau hauv ib chav alkylation. Monel alloy qhov txawv tshaj plaw rau hydrofluoric acid corrosion yog amazing. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm hydrofluoric acid, thiab qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov kub ntawm hydrofluoric acid. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog cov khoom siv nrog qhov zoo tshaj plaws corrosion kuj ntawm cov khoom siv engineering alloy. Monel alloy tseem tuaj yeem tiv taus corrosion ntawm ntau yam sulfides thiab hydrochloric acid nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig txo.
Marine Engineering
Kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm Monel alloy ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv dej hiav txwv, xws li cov kav dej, cov twj tso kua mis, cov dej hiav txwv, cov kab nuv ntses, thiab cov pob tawb lim. Qee cov Monel alloys yog cov tsis muaj hlau nplaum, thiab siv los ua cov hlua khi rau cov minesweepers thiab vaj tse rau cov khoom siv ntsuas magnetic. Ntawm yachts, Monel alloy hlau yog siv los xauv thauj tog rau nkoj cable shackles. Monel alloy kuj tseem siv los ua cov dej tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv qab dej, xws li kiv cua shafts thiab keel bolts.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias vim qhov teeb meem ntawm electrochemical corrosion (bimetallic corrosion) hauv dej hiav txwv, Monel alloy yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm lwm cov hlau (xws li hlau) thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom. Lub New York Times tau luam tawm thaum Lub Yim Hli 25, 1915. Ib tsab xov xwm hauv "kev tshaj tawm txog kev sib tsoo ntawm 215-foot-ntev-ntev yacht: "Thawj lub nkoj uas nws lub nkoj tau tsim los ntawm Monel alloy tau hloov mus rau hauv cov khoom tawg hauv tsuas yog rau lub lis piam thiab yog yuam kom khawb." Ua tsaug rau electrochemical corrosion, steel qauv keel ntawm lub yacht sai sai eroded thiab thinned tom qab kev sib cuag nrog Monel alloy, uas nws thiaj li ua rau lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub yacht hauv qab. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb seabird, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kev xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau tus noog ko taw qhia lub nplhaib, tus noog lub taw qhia ntiv nplhaib ua los ntawm Monel alloy tau siv ntau hom seabirds, xws li albatross nyob hauv corrosive seawater ib puag ncig.
Suab Nkauj
Monel alloy yog siv los ua qee yam khoom siv suab paj nruag zoo valve pistons lossis rotors, xws li me me, loj thiab Fabkis horns. RotoSound siv Monel alloy los ua cov hlua hluav taws xob guitar hauv xyoo 1962. Cov hlua no yog siv los ntawm ntau tus kws kos duab. Nyob rau hauv 2017, lub tuam txhab D'Addario hlua (D'Addario hlua lub tuam txhab) tau tso tawm ib txheej ntawm cov khoom siv violin hlua, uas kuj yog cov hlua khi nrog Monel alloy qhov txhab ntawm D thiab G cov hlua.
Lwm yam kev siv
Cov cim cim ua los ntawm Monel alloy (Dog cim npe rau cov tub rog Asmeskas thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II)
Kev xeb zoo heev rau ntau cov kua qaub thiab cov pa oxygen ua rau Monel alloy yog cov khoom siv zoo hauv kev lag luam tshuaj. Lwm yam kev siv scenarios xws li:
1. Uranium enrichment, feem ntau ntawm cov kav dej loj uas siv rau uranium hexafluoride yog ua los ntawm Monel alloy;
2. Regulating valve rau kev kub siab thiab muaj zog reactive fwj roj (xws li HCl);
3. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, Monel alloy tau dav siv nyob rau hauv lub superheated chav system ntawm chav generator teev;
4. Monel alloy kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov dab dej hauv chav ua noj thiab spectacle thav ntawv;
5. Lub combustion chamber siv los ua lub boiler ignition raj;
6. Lub neej tsim ntawm Lub Sij Hawm Ntev Tam Sim No yog 10,000 xyoo. Ntawm qhov chaw uas tsis muaj cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig siv, qee qhov ntawm lub moos yog ua los ntawm Monel alloy cov khoom raws li kev txhawj xeeb txog kev tiv thaiv corrosion.
Post lub sij hawm: May-19-2021